What is Avoca mining method?
Avoca Method of mining is a variation of sublevel stoping method with the introduction of waste rockfill as backfill. Moreover, ore loss can be encountered on the walls of a wide stope due to the bogger (loader) inability to turn and bog the materials on the edges. Avoca method is applied on stopes of high grade.
On what basis mining methods are selected?
Applicable mining methods are chosen based on geometrical and geomechanical criteria, and for each option, a quick economic analysis is done to establish, the required cut-off grade, the available resources, and the potential production rate.
What are two methods of underground mining?
There are two principal phases of underground mining: development mining and production mining. Development mining is composed of excavation almost entirely in (non-valuable) waste rock in order to gain access to the orebody.
What is retreat stoping?
10. Vertical Crater Retreat (VCR) or Vertical Retreat Stoping: configuration method in stopes where drilling large diameter is used to detonate horizontal slices of ore, leading them to the base of the block being mined. The method progresses vertically, as successive slices of ore are detonated.
What is longitudinal stoping?
Longitudinal longhole retreat is a branch of the generic mining method known as sublevel stoping. It is a branch of longhole mining differing from Transverse longhole stoping, where the long axis of the stope is perpendicular to the strike of the orebody.
What are the 3 main factors that determine what type of mining method is chosen?
The location and shape of the deposit, strength of the rock, ore grade, mining costs, and current market price of the commodity are some of the determining factors for selecting which mining method to use.
What is the pure Avoca method?
In a Pure Avoca Method the mining retreats towards the access while the backfilling advances from the opposite end and chases after the stoping brow. There is always a pre-determined void established between the fill and the stope brow prior to firing the next set of rings.
Why is underground mining comparison so difficult?
In any discussion of Methods of Underground Mining Comparison, one is repeatedly confronted with the difficulty of dealing with so many variable conditions. It is not an exact science and in the choice of a method each varying factor has a certain weight, which, in many cases, experience alone can determine.
Can excavation of roadways be combined with ore production?
Excavation of roadways can be combined with ore production, and mined-out stopes can serve as transport routes. Ore production involves the same drill-blast techniques as in normal drifting where drift dimensions equal the width and height of the stope.
What is the cut-off grade in mine planning?
In mine planning process, the cut-off grade is determined prior to producing the reserve physicals. The different cut-off grades are the break-even cut-off grade (BECOG), incremental cut-off grade (ICOG), mill cut-off grade (MCOG), and resource cut-off grade (RCOG).