What are the effects of a volcanic eruption?
Volcanic eruptions can be catastrophic in some cases. The immediate area is usually evacuated quickly to keep people safe. Extremely hot lava can also cause lots of damage, burning through towns and farmland. The ash from a volcano can also cause breathing problems, and create travel disruptions, as it lowers the visibility for pilots.
What are the dangers of living near a volcano?
Ash, mudflows, and lava flows can devastate communities near volcanoes and cause havoc in areas far downwind, downstream, and downslope. Even when a volcano is quiet, steep volcanic slopes can collapse to become landslides, and large rocks can be hurled by powerful…
How big does a volcano get when it erupts?
The magma found in these volcanoes can lead to violent explosions that cause wide-ranging fallout of ash. As their large magma chambers empty, the structure’s support disappears, and the volcano collapses inward. Calderas can range from 0.62 up to 62 miles in diameter and are known as supervolcanoes.
What happens at the top of a volcano?
Most volcanoes have a volcanic crater at the top. When a volcano is active, materials come out of it. The materials include lava, steam, gaseous sulfur compounds, ash and broken rock pieces. ï‚´When there is enough pressure, it causes the volcano to erupt. The pressure blows off the top of the volcano.
Volcanic eruptions produce two types of effects: primary and secondary. Primary effects refer to immediate events stemming from the eruption itself, while secondary effects are conditions and situations resulting from primary effects. Primary effects generally produce physical changes.
How are mudflows a secondary effect of a volcano?
Mudflows (Lahars) A mudflow occurs when the tephra, that the volcano emitted, is removed by melting snow and ice or water. This will destroy and take away anything in its path. A mudflow can be triggered by heavy rainfall many years after an eruption so mudflows can also be a tertiary effect.
Which is a tertiary effect of a volcano?
A mudflow can be triggered by heavy rainfall many years after an eruption so mudflows can also be a tertiary effect. Mudflows are a mixture of rocks, water, tephra, ash and anything it picks up along the way. They can be boiling hot. The magma that comes out of a volcano can melt ice and snow around it. This can trigger a mudflow or an avalanche.
What are the primary and secondary effects of an earthquake?
Primary effects occur as a direct result of the movement; for example, ground shaking or lava flows. Secondary effects occur as a result of primary effects; for example in the case of an earthquake plate movement can cause tsunamis, as well as both volcanic eruptions and earthquakes in causing water contamination and fires.